In an international law enforcement operation, 270 individuals involved in dark web criminal activity have been arrested across ten countries. Coordinated by Europol, the operation, codenamed Operation RapTor, targeted online vendors and buyers dealing in illegal drugs, weapons, counterfeit goods, and other illicit items.
This large-scale crackdown sends a strong message to criminals hiding behind the anonymity of the dark web: their digital hiding places are no longer safe.
Operation RapTor: A Coordinated International Effort
Operation RapTor was led by Europol, with support from law enforcement and intelligence agencies across North America, Europe, South America, and Asia. The arrests followed intelligence gathered from several previously dismantled dark web marketplaces, including Nemesis, Tor2Door, Bohemia, and Kingdom Market.
Many of the suspects had carried out thousands of transactions on these platforms, relying on encryption and cryptocurrencies to mask their identities and operations. However, the coordinated efforts of international law enforcement agencies allowed investigators to track and identify them.
The arrests were distributed across several countries:
- United States: 130 arrests
- Germany: 42 arrests
- United Kingdom: 37 arrests
- France: 29 arrests
- South Korea: 19 arrests
- Austria & Netherlands: 4 arrests each
- Brazil: 3 arrests
- Switzerland & Spain: 1 arrest each
Investigations are ongoing, and more arrests may follow as authorities continue to analyze seized data.
Massive Seizures Disrupt Dark Web Supply Chains
In addition to the arrests, law enforcement officers confiscated a large volume of illegal goods and financial assets. The operation led to the seizure of:
- Over €184 million in cash and cryptocurrency
- More than 2 tonnes of illegal drugs, including amphetamines, cocaine, ketamine, opioids, and cannabis
- Over 180 firearms, along with imitation weapons, tasers, and knives
- 12,500 counterfeit products, ranging from fake IDs to branded knock-offs
- Over 4 tonnes of illicit tobacco
These seizures have significantly disrupted criminal supply chains that feed the dark web economy, particularly those involved in the sale of illegal drugs and counterfeit goods.
Europol’s Role and Strategy
Europol played a central role in the operation by analyzing and sharing intelligence collected from previously seized dark web marketplaces. Investigators compiled this data into intelligence packages and distributed them to national authorities through the Joint Cybercrime Action Taskforce (J-CAT), hosted at Europol headquarters.
This collaborative approach mirrors the success of Operation SpecTor, conducted in 2023, which resulted in 288 arrests. Together, these efforts highlight a growing ability among law enforcement agencies to work across borders and identify key players in the dark web ecosystem.
According to Edvardas Šileris, Head of Europol’s European Cybercrime Centre:
“Operation RapTor shows that the dark web is not beyond the reach of law enforcement. Through close cooperation and intelligence sharing, officers across four continents identified and arrested suspects, sending a clear message to those who think they can hide in the shadows.”
The Growing Threat of Online Crime
As traditional dark web marketplaces face increasing pressure, criminals are shifting their tactics. Law enforcement officials have observed a growing trend toward single-vendor shops—websites operated by individual sellers. These smaller platforms aim to reduce exposure and avoid the risks associated with larger, centralized marketplaces.
Illegal drugs remain the top commodity sold on the dark web. However, law enforcement is also tracking a rise in prescription drug trafficking and fraudulent services. These include scam websites offering fake hitmen, forged documents, or non-existent goods to exploit unsuspecting buyers.
This shift highlights the evolving nature of cybercrime. As criminals adopt new methods to avoid detection, law enforcement must adapt and innovate accordingly.
Cooperation Is Key
The success of Operation RapTor was made possible through cooperation between multiple international agencies, including:
- Austria: Criminal Intelligence Service and Provincial Criminal Police Departments
- Brazil: Civil Police of the States of Pará and São Paulo
- France: Customs and National Gendarmerie
- Germany: Federal Criminal Police, Prosecutor’s Office in Cologne, and German Customs
- Netherlands: Team High Tech Crime and other national units
- Spain: National Police
- South Korea: Darknet Investigations Unit of the Seoul Central District Prosecutors’ Office
- Switzerland: Zurich Cantonal Police and Public Prosecutor’s Office
- United Kingdom: National Crime Agency and Police Chiefs’ Council
- United States: Department of Justice and a host of federal agencies, including the FBI, DEA, HSI, IRS, ATF, CBP, NCIS, and more
Strengthening Law Enforcement
Magnus Brunner, European Commissioner for Internal Affairs and Migration, emphasized the importance of continued investment in law enforcement capabilities:
“This operation is proof of how criminal gangs operate today: offline and online, internationally and locally, using technology to their full advantage. To counter this, coordinated action is essential. And that is exactly the added value Europol provides.”
He added that the European Union is working on ProtectEU, an Internal Security Strategy designed to make law enforcement future-proof. Part of this effort includes increasing funding and expanding the mandate of Europol to respond more effectively to emerging digital threats.
A Clear Message to Criminals
The success of Operation RapTor sends a strong and clear message: the dark web is no longer a safe haven for criminals. While the internet provides tools that criminals can use to hide, it also offers opportunities for law enforcement to track and catch them.
Through advanced investigative techniques, cross-border cooperation, and the intelligent use of data, law enforcement agencies around the world are proving that even in the darkest corners of the internet, justice can still reach.
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